DIGESTIVE SYSTEM STUDY SHEET
Objectives:
Digestion begins in the mouth. Digestion is the process of breaking down food into a form your body can use. Most digestion happens in the stomach and small intestine. Digestion releases the nutrients from food so that the body can use them. Nutrients are substances in food that the body needs to work properly. After the food gets digested, then the blood absorbs the nutrients. The blood then delivers the nutrients to the cells of the body. Cells use nutrients to grow, repair themselves, and get energy.
Objectives:
- Explain how the body uses food.
- Name the organs and trace the pathway of digestion.
- Explain the four ways the body releases waste products.
Digestion begins in the mouth. Digestion is the process of breaking down food into a form your body can use. Most digestion happens in the stomach and small intestine. Digestion releases the nutrients from food so that the body can use them. Nutrients are substances in food that the body needs to work properly. After the food gets digested, then the blood absorbs the nutrients. The blood then delivers the nutrients to the cells of the body. Cells use nutrients to grow, repair themselves, and get energy.
- Most of the nutrients have been removed by the time food material reaches the large intestine. The large intestine absorbs water and salts from the remaining food material. The parts of food that the body cannot use become solid waste. The waste passes through the large intestine and then leaves the body through the anus.
- Digestion is not the only body process that makes and removes waste. When cells use nutrients to get energy, they produce waste products. The blood carries some of this waste to the kidneys. The kidneys mix it with water to form urine. Urine is released from the body by the urinary system.
- The respiratory system also produces waste in a gas form called carbon dioxide.
- Sweating is another way the body gets rid of waste. Sweat glands in the skin remove salt and water. This helps the body regulate body temperature.
- Mouth, where digestion begins with saliva
- Teeth cut and crush food.
- Tongue, mixes the food and helps you swallow.
- Pharynx, the back of the throat.
- Epiglottis, keeps the food out of the lungs.
- Esophagus, the tube that carries the food to the stomach.
- Stomach, continues the process of digestion and breaks down proteins.
- Small Intestine (is divided into 3 sections), this is where most of digestion takes place. Where the liver, and pancreas combine with other enzymes to finish digestion. VILLI, is where the nutrients are absorbed into the blood stream.
- Large Intestine, where salt and water are absorbed back into the body and waste is eliminated.